Combined casing-head packer and blow-out preventer



Dcjls, 1928. 1,695,992

J. BERGSTEN y COMBINED CASING HEAD PACKER AND BLOW-OUT PREVENTER Filed Oct. 27, 1924.

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A TTORNE YS.

Patented Dec. 18, 1928.

l UNITED STATES 1,695,992 PATENT t ori-"ICE,

J OHN BERG-STEIN, 0F REDONDO BEACH, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOB QF ONE-HALF T0 N. W.

` HENDERSHOT, 0F LOMITA, CALIFORNIA.

coir'nmn casmnmn raoxnn m5 BLOW-oor rBEvEu'i-EB.

Application -iled October 27, 1924. Serial No. 745,974.

This invention relates to combination casing headpackers and blow-out preventers, and has for an object a device of this character which has a three-fold purpose, in that it willr sustain the weight of tubing or ca sing, securely prevent gas, oil or other liquid escape pastthe casing head, and allow fora pressure relief of sucli gas, oil or other liquid. l

The invention has fora further object the provision of a device which will allow tubing to be passed through the same and yet will secure the tubing in any desired position relative to the same.

With the above and other objects in view, including inexpensiveness of construction,

ease of operation, durability and service ability, the invention consists in the novel and useful provision, formation, construction, association and relative arrangement of parts, members and features, all as shown in one `embodiment in the accompanying drawing, described generally, and-more particularly pointed out in claims.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevation showing the improved device in cooperation with strings of casing;

Figure 2 is a fragmentary enlarged, partly sectioned plan view of the device;

Figure 3 is a fragmentary cross sectional view on the line 3 3 of Figure 2; and

Figure 4 is a fragmentary cross sectional. view of certain operative means for compressing packing in the device.

Corresponding parts in all the figures are designated by the same reference characters.

Referring with particularity to the draw-- ing, the improved dev'ice is designated as an entirety and in one embodiment by A, and such device includes among its elements a spider a, a casing head member b, and a blow-out preventer c.- The spider a may be substantially annular in form and have a screw-threaded engagement with the casing head member, as shown at .1. the said spider to thisend being formed with a base Dortion 2 having an annular outer flange 3 which is screw-threaded and with an outstanding rim'portion 4. An inner annular flange or wall 5 joins the base 2, and the inner annular wall thereof diverges upwardly from t-he base as shown at 6 so that slip' members 7 may be accommodated therein, said slips being conventional in form, that is, wedge-shaped, and the diverging 'wall tends to seat the slips tightly against tubing such as shown at 8 to hold such tubing in a given position relative to the spider. Said spider is provided with one or more annular grooves on the base thereof as shown at 9 and 10, and such annual grooves are adapted to accommodate annular packing rings 11. The casing. head `b comprises a. base member l2, substantially annular in form with a central annular flange-13 which is provided with a taper screw thread 14 whereby a casing 15 may be secured thereto,

said base member being formed with one or more annular grooves as shown at 16 and 17 within which may be received annulargaskets 18, and said casing head is likewise provided with a flange 19. This flange 19 is annular in forin where it has a screwthreaded engagement with the spider, as shown at 1, and it is likewise provided with two diametrically opposed, substantially parallel and straight-sided portions as shown at 20 and 21. Curved side portions 22 and 23 are joined with such side portions 20 and 21. The blow-out preventer c is interposed within the contines of the flange 19 and between the bases 2 and 12 of the members a and b.

The said blow-out preventer c comprises in the embodiment shown upper and lower substantially annular split discs 24, 25, 26 and 27, and which discs are provided with peripheral ilanges as shown for the upper discs at 28 and the losver discs at 29. .The upper and lower discs are enlarged adjacent the inner curved surfaces thereof at 30 and 31, and are channeled as shown at 32 so as to receive split gasket members 33. Adapted to be interposed between the upper and lower discs is packing means d .forming a part of the blow-out preventer c, and this :xc-kind means macom rise flexible mem` bers 34.- and 35 formed of rubber composition or other material. Such members are substantially annular in part and provided withtwo diametrically opposed extensions .or wings as shown at 36 and 37, and such parts 3ft and 35 are likewise provided with.

the discs and against the gaskets 9 and 10,`

` by the flat side portions and 21 in the casing head. llt will also be noted that the extensions 36 and 37 of the packing are received between the head portions 41. Means f is provided for causing inward or outward movement of the compressor members e so as to compress thev packing al against the periphery of the tubing or casing 8. Of such means f there are two complete members' diametrically disposed with relationl to the casing head and only one of such complete members will be described, it being understood that the other is identical in form.

The means f includes a member 42 which has a screw-threaded engagement'with the casing head, as shown at 43, and such meinber is substantially annular inform and screw-threaded internally asV shown at 44. lSaid member 42 is likewise stepped and of greater diameter than the internal diameter of the screw-threaded part 44, as shown at 45 so as to receive packing 46 which is held in position by a flange member 47 which is bolted to the member 42. Carried within the member 42 is an annular member 48 which is screw-threaded at 49 for engage'-` men't with the screw-threaded part 44 and such member 48 is formed with a longitudinal key-way 50, and a gear 51 is carried upon such member 48 and has a part 52 received in said key-way 50. A lon'g pin 53 is passed through the member 48 and has a screw-threaded engagement with the compressor member e as shown at 54. A stand'- ard 55 carries apart 56 adapted to bear against an end of the pin 53 las illustrated at 57, and a shaft 58 is suitably' supported above the spider by brackets 59 and '60, and such` shaft carries a gear 61. A further bracket 62 is adapted to carry a shaft 63 to which shaft is joined a crank arm 64 and such shaft 63 carries a gear 65 adapted to mesh with the gear 61. Said shaft likewise carries a gear 11lustrated at 66 and a chain or other medium 66 ,is passed over the gears 51 and 66. The shaft 58 likewise carries a gear as shown at 67 and a chain 68 is adapted to be passed over such gear 67 and a gear 5l onthe means f on the side 69 of such device, it bein .understood that the means f on the side 0 has just been described. Thus a turning of the crank arm will rotate the members 48 and either cause an inward travelgof such members to force the compressors against the packing d, which will force such packing around the periphery' of the tubing 8, and outward through the slots 40 in the upper and lower discs or a reverse turning will loosen such packing from such position.

The arrangement shown allows the packing al to be firmly compressed about the tubing. rllhe flange 13 is likewise provided with an opening 71 for reception of a pipe 7 2 for the purpose of carrying away excessive pressure, whether luid or gaseous, from between the casing 15 and the'tubing 8. rllhe arrangement shown .permits coupling collars such as shown at 7 2 to be readily passed through the casing head and spider, as it 'will be noted that the annular opening of\ the spider and casing head fiange 13 is the same. This is a feature of great importance in this invention, as it often occurs that excessive pressure may tend to lift the tubing from the well and the moment any indication of trouble of this kind arisesg' it is onlyl necessary to drop theslips 7 in position to hold the tubing, and then compress the packing d, Furthermore, the tubing may be passed downwardly within the casing and the slips 7 placed within the spider at any time desired, the packing at all times being ready for instant application to the periphery of the tubing to prevent loss of fluid or gas as between the casing and tubing.-

Figure 1 shows the general arrangement and application of the device, it being intended that the same may be placed in the cellar beneath an oil well derrick.

' Particular attention is directed to the fact that inward movementof the wedge rings compresses the packing in all directions; that is to say, the packing is forced through the slotted portions 4() and at the same time closely wedged about the tubing 8 and against the guides 20 and 21. .This is accomplished yin part by the general shape of the compressors and likewise by the form of the upper and lower split annular discs 24, 25, 426 and 27. It will be remembered that the discs are enlarged at the portions 30 and 31 and when pressure is exerted at the pe' riphery of such packing means d, the tendency would be to force the upper and lower surfaces thereof outwardly. This method of constructing the top and bottom plate members pilovidesa three-way pres'- sure for the pac 'ng when the compressors are moved to compress such packing.

It is vobvious that various changes and modifications may be made in practicing the invention, in departure from the specific showing of the drawing, without departing from the true spirit of the invention.

AHaving thus disclosed my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a device of the character disclosed,

wespen a casing bead formed with nn enclosure, packing means formed of flexible materiel and constituting e split annulus within said enclosure, upper and lower slotted discs for seid packing means, said upper and lower discs enclosing the said packing means, and further means received between said discs and adapted to bear against the periphery of said packing mea-ns to compress the same to in part force the packing' means through the slotted portions of the discs into engagement with the casing head.

2. ln a device of the character disclosed,

n casing bend, two discs spaced apart, end n pecking means between the said discs; said discs being ormed with rixn Hnges, wedge rings confined between the saiid discs and said rim anges, and said packing ineensbeing peripherelly grooved for reception of said wedge rings, in combination with means for moving said wedge rings to compress the packing. r A

3. lin a device of the character disclosed, n casing head, a spider associated therewith, said ysplder and casing 'heed being so related as to provide en enclosure, upper and lower annular discs Within seid enclosure, iexible packingmens between said upper and lower discs, sind ypacking means interposed between the said discs and the said spider and casing heed, and means adapted to compress thev exible packing means between the said' discs to cause the said upper and lower discs to tightly engage `the packing means between said. discs, the spider end' casing head.

ln testimonywhere'of, ll lieve signed my neme to this specication.

JOHN BERGSTEN 

